Screening of Rice Landraces of Coastal Areas for Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage Using Molecular Markers

¹Shamsunnahar Mukta, *²Sumon M. Hossain, ²Dr. Khondoker M. Nasiruddin, ³Dr. Mirza Mofazzal Islam

¹Department of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University (SAU), Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

²Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

³Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background and Objective: The main objective of this study is to develop salt-tolerant rice varieties by identifying suitable parents and genetic diversity analysis. Salinity is becoming a serious problem in the world and a widespread soil problem in rice growing countries. The saline area is three times larger than land used for agriculture. The conventional methods of plant selection for salt tolerance are difficult because of the large effects of the environment. But DNA markers seem to be the best option for efficient evaluation and selection of plant material. SSRs markers have been proved to be ideal for making genetic maps, assisting selection and studying genetic diversity. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted under Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Initially 80 germplasms were used to evaluate the salinity tolerance at seedling stage at glass-house following IRRI standard protocol. Among them, 12 were found as salt tolerant, 13 were found as moderately tolerant, 29 were highly susceptible and 26 were susceptible by phenotypic analysis. Among them, 25 germplasms were used for molecular study, which carry all tolerant variety found in phenotypic study (Hogla, Jamai Naru, Dakhsail, Patnai, Kute Patnai, Holde Gotal, Bazra Muri, Ghunshi, Tal Mugur, Nona Bokhra, Kashrail and FL378), 7 were moderately tolerant, 5 were highly susceptible and 1 was susceptible. These germplasms were characterized by 3 SSR markers which are RM510, RM585 and RM336. Data was analyzed by POPGENE (version 1.31), Power Marker (Version 3.25) and NTSYS-PC (Version 2.2). Results: The number of alleles per locus ranged from 10 to 12, with an average number of alleles of 11 per locus and PIC values ranged from a low of 0.8533 (RM336) to a high of 0.8940 (RM585). The average gene diversity of overall SSR loci for the 25 genotypes was 0.8885, ranged from 0.9024 to 0.8672. Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA) dendrogram constructed from Nei’s (1972) genetic distance produced five distinct clusters of 25 rice genotypes. FL378 of IRRI was used as check variety. It can be concluded that Holde Gotal, Bazra Muri and Hamai were salt tolerant compared to FL 378. Conclusions: This scientific information could be used for solution of suitable parents, development of salt tolerant rice varieties, gene identification for salt tolerance and genetic diversity analysis.

http://scialert.net/qredirect.php?doi=ajbkr.2017.71.79&linkid=pdf